Solar Still Productivity Improvement Techniques and Recent Advancements: Review Study

Abstract

The growing demand for freshwater is a challenging task facing human society due to the rapid rise of the global population. Solar distillation emerged as an economical, environmentally friendly practical technology to produce freshwater. Solar still is a proven technology to produce clean water and removing dissolved and solid impurities as well as chemical hazardous, organic bacteria, and non-organic contaminants. Rural and remote regions that suffer from impure water can beneficiate this technique. However, the daily productivity of single slope solar still SSSS is questionable. Hence, several researchers focused on enhancing the productivity and efficiency of SSSS through adopting a wide range of modifications.  This review reports various modification techniques that have been investigated to improve SSSS efficiency and clean water productivity.  It mainly considered modifying the absorption plate, thermal energy storage, utilization of reflectors, adopting nanotechnology, integrated condenser, cover cooling, Humidification-dehumidification HDH, and Basin water preheating technique